Bookkeeping machine



May 27, 1941- o. J. suNDs'rRAND BOOKKEEPING MACHINE Filed May 3l, 1933 8Sheets-Sheet i www www Q mmm mentor @wmf/raft# A @Zan 'ome si .l n:ccc-EEE May 27, 1941- o. J. sUNDsTRAND BOOKKEEPING MACHINE Filed Mayv3l, 1953 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 F4 @Ew May 27, 1941- o. J. suNDsTRAND2,243,228

BOOKKEEPING MACHINE Filed May 3l, 1933' 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 In ze/Mgr C2162 Mds/fand OO E @5.1.34 Jlomgys May 27, 1941. o. J. suNns'rRANDBOOKKEEPING MACHINE Filed May 31, 1935 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 .(mqmd NQFOEI IMay 27, 1941 o. .1'. sUNDsTRAND BGOVKKEEPING MACHINE Filed May 3l, 19358 Sheets-Sheet 6 D RN om TT NS Ew vU m3 ATTORNEY May 27 1941- o. J.sUNDsTRAND BOOKKEEPING IVLQINEl Filed May 3l, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 7INVENTOR OSCAR J. `'SUNDS TRAND l() ATTORNEY May 27,1941.

O. J. SUNDSTRAND BOOKKEEPING MACHINE Filed May 31, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 8INVENTOR OSCAR J. SUNDS TRAND ATTO RNEY Patented May 27, 1941BOOKKEEPING MACHINE Oscar J. Sandstrand, Rockford, Ill., assigner, bymesne assignments, to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y.,a corporation of.

Delaware Application May 31, 1933, Serial No. 673,698

(Cl. 23S-60) 37 Claims.

'I'his invention relates to bookkeeping machines, and particularly `to amachine of that class embodying means whereby the machine may be set upor arranged to perform operations of predetermined character in theseveral columnar positions of the paper carriage.

More specifically, the invention relates to mechanism that facilitatesproof of the accuracy of the posting.

A particular object of the invention is to provide means which issensitive to the positive or negative character of an amount, fordetermining in which` of two totalizers the amount shall be accumulated.In one of the embodiments, herein shown of the invention, said means isutilized to effect the accumulation of new debit balances in a `certaintotalizer and new credit balances in another totalizer, the selection oftotalizers being automatically determined by the positive or negativecharacter of the balance. Another object of the invention is to providemeans sensitive to the positive or negative character of an amount inone of the totalizers of the machine, for determining which of aplurality of other totalizers shall be selected for operation undercontrol of the laterally movable carriage.

Yet another object of the invention resides in the provision of amachine of the above character. including a plurality of totalizers, oneof which is adapted for addition and subtraction, a laterally movablecarriage normally effective to select said totalizers for operation inpredetermined sequence, and means sensitive to the positive or negativecharacter of the amount stored in said addition subtraction totalizer tocause said carriage to select said totalizers for operation in adifferent sequence.

'I'he invention also has reference to a bookkeeping machine havingmanually operable means for changing from an adjustment suitable for theposting of debits to an adjustment adapted for the posting of credits.In the present embodiment of the invention, said means includes anadjustable cam. 'I'he automatic mechanism for selecting totalizers forthe storage of new balances is herein arranged to utilize said cam, andto do so regardless of the position to which it may have been manuallyadjusted.

A further object is to provide improved means for manually adjusting themachine to determine whether addition or subtraction shall take place inthe cross-footer or algebraic totalizer.

A further object is to provide manual means for adjusting the machine todetermine whether old balances, when picked up the second time,

tion. The machine is shown in normal position,y

i. e., that occupied at the end of a cycle of operations, the lever 960being in position for the post- .y

ing of credits.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side view of the rear portion of the machine,showing the carriage stops for the last columnar (or proof) position ofthe carriage, and illustrating the mechanism as adjusted to accumulatean old debit balance in the D totalizer.

Fig. 3 is a similar view, but showing the mechanism as adjusted by thekey 961 to accumulate an old credit balance in the A totalizer.

In both Figs. 2 and 3, the cam 852 controlled by the lever 950 is in thecharge-posting position.

Fig. 4 illustrates the D-totalizer selector in the ineffective positionshown in F18. 3.

Fig. 5 is similar to Figs. 2 and 3, but shows the carriage stops for theNew Balance columnar position as automatically adjusted upon theoccurrence of a. new credit balance in the cross-footer.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of the stops on the papercarriage, showing also the escapement stops on the machine frame, andthe cam 2.

Figs. 7, 8, 9 and l0 are diagrams indicating the coaction of the controlelements with the cam |52 in all positions of the lever 950 and theslide Ill.

Figs. 11 and 11A constitute a view illustrating a journal sheet and aproof tape, and showing diagrammatically the control plate on the papercarriage as set up for the performance of the operations shown on thejournal sheet and proof tape.

Fig. 12 shows a fragment of the proof tape, with the proof printedthereon.

Figs. 13, 13A, 14 and l5 illustrate another embodiment of the invention,Figs. 13 and 13A being similar to Figs. 11 and 11A, and Figs. 14 and l5being fragmentary views of two control elements. l

Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the train of elements forautomatically releasing the drive clutch by movement of the travelingcarriage.

Figure 17 is a right side elevation showing the mechanism for engagingthe crossfooter with the actuating racks, and the mechanism for changinglthe timing of the engaging mechanism for total taking operations.

Figure 18 is a perspective view showing the means-.for selecting andengaging the rear adding .totalizera Figure 19 is a perspective Viewshowing the means for controlling the accumulating mech- Ianism forsubtraction, and the means for automatically conditioning the machinefor the taking of a negative total.

The invention is herein shown as embodied in Aa .machine of the typedisclosed in my Patent No. 2,194,270.. issued March 19, 1940, and in theBritis-h Patent No. 401,904, issued to William Warren Triggs, to whichreference may be made for an understanding of features not fullydescribed herein.

Using the reference numerals employed in said U. S. patent, 64| is thetraveling paper carriage, 2 are the type bars or main actuators, |1 isthe main rock yshaft arranged to be oscillated manually or by anelectric motor, is the crossfooter (CF) or algebraic totalizer, |31 arethe racks used in entering amounts additively into the cross-footer andin taking debit totals from the cross-footer and |38 are the racksprovided for entering amounts subtractively into the cross-footer and intaking credit balances from the cross-footer.

When an item is to be added, the pinions |35 are moved into neutralposition between the two sets of racks, before the actuators 2 areraised, and are moved rearwardly into mesh with the racks |31 justbefore the actuators 2 are moved downwardly. Addition, therefore, occurson the down stroke of the racks |31, the extent of rotation of thepinions depending upon the extent of movement of the racks.

For subtraction by racks |38, the pinions are moved into mesh with theseracks just before the latter descend. Subtraction, therefore, also takesplace on the down stroke of the racks.

The upper ends of the racks are attached to rearwardlyextending arms onthe type bars so that operation oi the general actuating mechanism toraise and lower the type bars raises and lowers the actuating racks.,

The pinions |35 are moved into and out of mesh with the racks |31 and|38 by links |42, one of which is shown in Figure I1, the forward endsof the links having bearings to receive the ends of a totalizersupporting shaft |36, The

rear ends of links |42 are pivoted at |43 to two arms |44 (only one ofwhich is shown), Arms |44 are connected with each other for uniformmovement about the center |45. An arm |50 valso moves about center |45and is connected with arms |44 to actuate the arms |44 upon movement ofarm |50. Arm is moved by a lever |5| pivoted at |52, said lever having acam slot |53 therein to receive a stud |54 on the arm |50. rl`he lowerportion of the cam slot |53 imparts the engaging and disengagingmovements required in adding and debit totaling operations, while theupper portion of the cam slot |53 produces the engaging and disengagingmovements incident to subtracting and credit totaling operations.

The lever |5| is swung by means of a link |55 having notches |56 and |51in its opposite edges. The notch |56 is adapted to receive a stud |58 oncam lever |5|, and the notch |51 is adapted to receive a stud |59 onsaid lever. The Studs |58 and |59 are at opposite sides of the pivotpoint |52, and hence, when link is in engagement with pin |58, upwardmovement of link |55 will cause lever |5| to rise, placing stud |54 inthe lower portion of cam slot |53, and when link |55 is in engagementwith pin |59, lever |5| is lowered, placing pin |54 in the upper portionof cam slot |53.

Link |55 is pivoted to one end of a rocker arm which is pivoted in themachine frame at |6I. The other end of the rocker arm |60 is pivoted toa link |62 having a notch |63 adapted to receive a pin |64 on a lever|65` The last mentioned lever is pivoted on the center |66 and has apin-and-slot connection with an arm |61 pivoted at |68. The means forswinging lever includes an arm |69 secured to rock shaft |1. A pawl |1|is pivoted on arm |69 at |10. Pawl |1| is provided with two shouldersand a hook on its rear end. The pawl |1| is influenced by a spring |15.Lever |65 carries a pin |16 arranged tobe engaged by the lower shoulderon pawl |1|. Arm |61 carries a pin |11 arranged for engagement by theupper shoulder on pawl When the rock shaft |1 begins its initialmovement in a cycle, arm |69 swings counterclockwise, causing the lowershoulder on pawl |1| to press against pin |16 and thereby rotate lever|65 counter-clockwise. This movement of lever |65 raises link |62 andlowers link |55, which in turn lowers lever |5| to its intermediate orneutral position. This places the pinions |35 in neutral positionbetween the two sets of actuator racks at the very beginning of themachine cyclel The pinions are therefore out of mesh with the actuatingracks before the latter begin to rise.

As the arm |69 completes its counter-clockwise movement, the uppershoulder on pawl |1| comes into engagement with pin |11 on arm |61. Atthe beginning of the return stroke of rock shaft I1, pawl |1| thereforepresses against pin |11 and thereby rotates arm |61 counter-clockwise atthe very beginning of the return stroke. This rotates lever |65clockwise to engage the pinions |35 with the adding racks, so thatduring the return stroke of the actuating racks, the number indexed bythe keyboard will be entered on the totalizer pinions.

If it is desired that the number set up by the amount keys be subtractedinstead of added on the pinions |35, it is necessary to swing link |55forwardly after lever |5| is moved to its intermediate position at thebeginning of the cycle. This means includes the subtraction slide 328(Figure 19) that is moved forwardly in the machine either by thedepression of a key on the keyboard or by operation of the subtractioncarriage control. Forward movement of this slide before the machinebegins its cycle stretches a spring 329. This puts a forward tension ona bail 321 pivoted on a rod 325 and connected to link |55 by a pin 326.Because of the tension of spring 329, as soon as lever |5| is moved toits intermediate position, link |55 snaps forwardly, engaging pin |59with notch |51 and disengaging pin |58 from notch |56. Therefore. at thebeginning of the return stroke of the machine, when link |55 is raised,lever |5| is lowered instead of raised, placing the Lipper' portion ofcam slot |53 in engagement with pin |54. This moves the totalizerpinions |35 into engagement with racks |38 for subtraction.

This mechanism is fully disclosed in the above mentioned patents.

When a debit or positive total is to be printed, the pinions areretained in engagement with the racks |31 during the upward movementthereof. It is therefore necessary to prevent lever |66 from raisinglink |62 at the beginning of the operation. This means will now bedescribed.

A total key |80 and a corresponding carriage control selector 136 areconnected with a total slide |89 so that operation of either the key orthe selector causes forward movement of the slide. On the slide |89 isan upstanding portion which is yieldingly connected through a spring |92to an arm |93 pivoted in the machine frame at |94, The spring |92normally holds a pin |95 on the arm |93 against a portion of the totalslide |89. Arm |93 is connected with a link |98. which in turn isconnected with the lower end of link |62. It will be seen that forwardmovement of the total slide |89 causes forward movement of link |62,withdrawing the notch |63 from pin |64 and placing the forward edge oflink |62 against a pin 200 on lever |65, the spring |92 yielding towardthe end of the movement of total slide |89 to permit the slide |89 tocomplete its movement, In the ensuing cycle arm |69 swings upwardly,swinging lever |65 counterclockwise idly. Therefore the totalizerpinions remain engaged with the actuating racks as the latter rise. Aslever |65 completes its counterclockwise movement, pin 200 movesopposite a notch 20| in link |62, whereupon spring |92 moves the notchinto engagement with the pinion. When lever |69 starts its returnstroke, lever |65 is moved clockwise as in accumulating operations,thereby raising link |62 and causing the pinions |35 to be withdrawnfrom the actuating racks before the latter descend, thereby leaving thepinions standing at zero.

Since the totalizer wheels remain engaged with the actuating racksduring the rst half of the cycle, type bars 2 were raised differentiallyunder control of the totalizer pinions |35, the latter being stopped bytheir transfer teeth when they reached zero in the customary manner.Therefore, when the printing hammers were fired in the customary mannerat the beginning of the return stroke, the total standing on thetotalizer wheels |35 was printed on the paper.

When there is a credit or negative total in the crossfooter and saidtotal is to be printed, it is necessary that the pinions |35 be engagedwith the subtracting racks |38 instead of the adding racks |31. A meansfor automatically engaging the pinions with the subtracting racks byemploying a blank cycle is provided in the machine, and is controlled bythe wheel of highest order in the crossfooter. This means will now beeX- plained.

A slide 338 (Figures 1 and 19) is guided for forward and rearwardsliding movement in the machine, said slide being impelled forward by aspring 339, On the rear end of slide 338 is a lug 340 (Figure 19)arranged to engage an upstanding lug 34| on the subtraction slide 328for the purpose of pushing the subtraction slide forward into effectiveposition, After each operation of the slide 338 it is restored to itsnormal rear position by a cam 280 (Figure 1) on the main rock shaft I1,said cam engaging a roller stud 342 on the slide 338 near the end of thereturn stroke of the rock shaft. The slide 338 is prevented fromoperating to push the subtraction slide 328 into effective positionexcept when there is a credit balance or overdraft in the machine. Aslide 343, movable transversely of the machine, carries a locking stud344 arranged to lle in the path of a shoulder 345 on the slide 338 toprevent said slide from moving to its effective position under theinfluence of spring 339. A spring 346 connected to the slide 343 tendsto move the latter to the left to place the stud 344 out of the path ofthe shoulder 345.

When there is a debit balance in the machine, the slide 343 is preventedfrom moving under the influence of its spring 346 to release the slide338, by means of a stop arm 341 fixed to one arm of a bell crank 348pivoted on the axis 349. The other arm of the bell crank 348 is arrangedto be moved by either one of two levers 250. A link 350 has apin-and-slot connection with both of the levers 250 and is looselyconnected to the upper end of the bell crank 348 as shown in Figure 19.When the crossfootcr passes from the positive to the negative side ofZero, the arm 250, shown at the left in Figure 19, is released by thehighest order wheel of the totalizer in the customary manner, and pushesthe link 350 toward the right, rocking the bell crank in the directionto lower the stop arm 341 out of the path of the slide 343; and when thecrossfooter passes through zero in the opposite direction, the lever250, shown at the right, pushes the link 350 toward the left to placethe stop arm 341 in the path of the slide 343. Thus, when there is apositive or debit balance in the machine, the slide 343 is held by thestop 341 in position to prevent the slide 338 from conditioning thecrossfooter for a negative operation, and when there is a. creditbalance in the machine, the slide 343 is permitted to be moved by thespring 346 to the left so as to free the slide 338 for operation on thesubtraction slide 328, The slide 343 is moved to the right into aposition where it can be held by the stop arm 341 by an arm 35| xed toarm |50 and arranged to operate against a cam surface 352 on a pinextending upwardly from slide 343. Whenever addition occurs, lever |5|is raised to its upper extremity, as exxplained above, rotating arms |50and 35| counter-clockwise. This movement is sufficient to cause arm 35|to operate against the cam surface 352 and move slide 343 to the rightthe desired amount.

By the above described mechanism, when there is a credit balance in thecrossfooter and it is desired to take a total, the customary blank cycleis first taken. During this cycle the slide 338 moves forward, bringingwith it the subtraction slide 328. This causes the crossfooter pinions|35 to be left engaged with the subtraction racks |36 at the end of theblank cycle. Total taking is then performed during the next cycle.

A, B, C and D are rear or auxiliary totalizers. 358 are actuating racksfor operating these totalizers, the racks being connected for movementwith, but in opposite direction to type bars 2, as may be seen in Figurel. These totalizers normally lie disengaged from their actuating racks358 and are selected individually for engagement and actuation duringthe machine cycles, The means for selectingl these totalizers includesfour keys 40|, 402, 403 and 404 (Figure 1) and four carriage selectors14|, 142, 143 and 144 (Figure 18), The means for selecting the differenttotalizers by operation of the keys or carriage selectors, together withthe means for engaging the selected totalizers, are similar for each ofthe totalizers. It will therefore be necessary to describe only themeans for selecting In Figure 18 the means for one of the totalizers.

selecting and engaging the A totalizer is illustrated and will now bedescribed.

Depression of key 404 or carriage selector 144 moves a slide 406forward. Slide 406 has a shoulder 4|0 which bears against a lug 4|| on abail 4|2. A spring 4|6 tends to swing bail 4|2 downwardly and move slide406 rearwardly Bail 4|2 is connected to a link 316 through a link 4|1,there being a pin-and-slot connection 4|1, 4|1b between these two parts.Depression of key 404 or selector 144 raises link 4|1 so that link 316may be raised by a spring 38| connected to it, to engage notch 319 inits forward end with a pin 380 on a slide 311 when slide 311 operatesduring the cycle. Normally a pin 4|8 lies directly in front of link 316to hold the A register disengaged, but when slide 406 is moved forwardpreparatory to a machine cycle and slide 311 is moved rearwardly duringthe iirst part of a cycle, spring 38| raises link 316, engaging notch319 with pin 380 and raising the forward end of link 316 above pin 4|8.

Movement of slide 311 forwardly at the beginning of the second half ofthe cycle will then pull link 316 forwardly, and through arm 815, shaft314, segment 313 and rack 312, engage the A totalizer with the actuatingracks 358. The totalizer then remains engaged with the racks for theremainder of the cycle. The totalizer is disengaged at the verybeginning of the next cycle, when slide 311 is moved to the rear, in theevent that key 404 or selector 144 is not again depressed to select theA totalizer for this next cycle.

The means for moving slide 311 rearwardly at the beginning of a cycleand forwardly at the beginning of the second half of the cycle includesa lever 382 pivoted at |6| and having a cam slot 384 in its rear endembracing a pin 385 on slide 311. Lever 382 is lowered and raised duringthe machine cycle by the raising and lowering of a link 386 by a lever389. Link 386 and lever 389 are operated from the main actuating shaftI1 by pawl 392 similarly to the operation of link |62 and lever |65 bypawl |1| in f stops A', A, B', C', etc., variously adjustable on thecontrol plate 110 of the paper carriage. The selector 133 enables theline-space mechanism. The selector 134 conditions the machine to effectsubtraction in the cross-footer. The selector 135 conditions the machineto effect non-addition in the cross-footer, and selector 136 (Fig. 5)conditions the machine for the taking of a final total from thecross-footer.

The selector 148 (Fig. 5) causes the driving clutch to be thrown in.This is accomplished by having selectors 148 (Figure 5) depress a pin824 (Figure 16). Said pin is supported by the rearwardly extending armof a bell crank 825 pivoted at 188. The downwardly extending arm of saidbell crank is arranged to push forward a link 826 which has apin-and-slot connection with an arm 821. The latter is pivoted on theaxis 549 and is connected to an arm 828 by a transverse web 829. Arm 828is pivoted to the rear end of a link 589 A spring 830 is provided totension the link 826 rearwardly. At points on the control plate 110corresponding to columnar positions in which the machine is t be cycled,there are stop lugs M which serve to depress the selector 148 and thusswing the arm 828 forward. This moves link 589 forward, and through arm588, rod 581, arm 586, link 585 and arm 68|, moves a clutch detent 516forward. to release the machine for a cycle of operation. A spring 594normally holds the detent 516 in effective position.

This mechanism, together with the customary clutch and motor drive, arefully disclosed in the above mentioned patents.

The selector 14| is illustrated in Fig. 4. As shown in Fig. 4, theselector 14| comprises a roller 152 which is yieldingiy supported, butwhich yields to the pressure of the Stops D2, etc., on the control plateonly when the left end of the selector is held up by some means such aslug 962, The other selectors are like the selector 14|, except that inthe case of the subtraction selector 134 and the motor repeat selector148, the roller 152 is replaced with a device which prevents theselector from being depressed in the return travel of the carriage, asexplained in the above mentioned patents.

The D totalizer is used for accumulating old debit balances when pickedup the second time for proof purposes, the C totalizer for accumulatingcharges (i. e. debits), the B totalizer for accumulating credits, andthe A totalizer for accumulating new debit balances. When a new creditbalance occurs, it is accumulated in the D` totalizer; and when an oldcredit balance is picked up the second time for proof purposes it isaccumulated in the A totalizer.

Referring now to Fig. which represents one of many possible practicalapplications of my invention: E is the journal or audit sheet producedas a carbon copy of the entries posted to a succession of ledger sheets(not shown). F is the proof tape. The upper portion of the diagramindicates the arrangement of stops A', B', C', etc, on the control plate110 required to produce the operations represented upon the recordmaterial. Fig. 1l illustrates six control elements 11|A,11IB,11|C,11|D,11|E and 11|F, one for each of the columnar positions shown onthe work-pieces E and F, together with one control element (11|D) forthe blank or spacing-cycle position just priorto the new balanceposition. These six control elements are also shown in Fig. 6. Eachcontrol element is in the form of an elongated holder or channel forstops, and is made of sheet metal bent to provide two verti cal wallsand a bottom connecting wall. The inner reduced end of each controlelement constitutes a locking projection 615, arranged to coact withescapement teeth 668 and 669, as described in said U. S. patent. `Thetooth 668 is formed on a lever 665.

The control element 11|B in the "charge columnar position carries a stopC' (Figs. 6 and ll) which depresses the selector 142 to cause the Ctotalizer to be used in that position,

The control element 11IC in the Credit columnar position has a stop B'(Figs. 6 and 1l) that depresses the selector 143 to bring the Btotalizer into use in that column.

When a charge is to be posted to a ledger account, as in the case of thefirst entry on the journal sheet E, there is no occasion for the papel'carriage to stop in the "Credit column, hence manually operable means isprovided to cause the carriage to skip" that column, that is to say,pass from the Charge column to the spacing stroke position withoutpausing in the Credit" column. Similarly, when a credit is to be posted,the carriage need not stop in the Cliarge" column, hence, manuallyoperable means is provided for causing the carriage to skip the Chargecolumn and pass directly from the Old Balance" column to the Credit"column.

As hereinbciore stated, when the new balance is a debit amount, it is tobe transferred from the cross-footer to the A totalizer, but when thenew balance is a credit amount, it is to be transferred from thecross-footer to the D totalizer. Means is, therefore, provided forautomatically adjusting the stops carried by thc control element 11|E inthe "New Balance" position so as to transfer amounts to the A toializcror the D totalizer in accordance with the character of the total to betransferred.

The vmanual means for skipping the Charge' column or the Credit" column,as the case may be, and the automatic means for determining whether thenew balance shall be transferred to the D totalizer or the A totalizer,comprises a cam 852 (Fig. 2) carried on the upper end of a slide 85|mounted on the rear end of the machine for vertical movement. On thelower end of the slide 85| is a lug 85|ll that underlies a part 85|b ona bail 841 pivoted in the machine frame on the axis 848. A spring 85|Cattached to the slide 85| and anchored to a stationary part, tends toraise said slide. 950 (Fig. 1)` is a hand lever pivoted at the righthandside of the keyboard to swing on the axis 95|. The lower arm of thelever 950 is pivoted at 952 to a link 853 which has a pin-and-slotconnection 954 with the bail 841. A springactuated detent 955 engagingthe inner end of the pivot 952, serves to hold the hand lever 950 ineither of two positions, the forward position being that used whenposting charges and the rear position (as shown in Fig. 1) when postingcredits. A spring 956 (Fig. 2) connected to the bail 841 and anchored toa stationary part, normally holds the cam 852 in the position determinedby the lever 950 and detent 855. The spring 956 is stronger than thespring 85|C. By adjusting the lever 95|) to the desired position. thecam 852 may be placed in position to coact with means on the controlplate 110 to effect column skipping. This means will now be described.y

On the side of each of the control elements f 11|B and 11|C for theCharge and Credit columnar positions, respectively, is mounted a slide858 (Fig. 6), as described in said U. S. patent. a spring 860 normallyholding the slide in its rearward position. On the inner end of theslide is a cam 863 adapted, when the slide is in its forward position,to engage a pin 863a (Figs. 2 and 6) on the spring-pressed lever 665, onwhich the locking tooth 668 is formed, and thus rock the lever todepress the tooth 668 below the path of the locking projection 615.thereby preventing the carriage from being arrested in that particularcolumnar position. and permitting the carriage to continue moving on tothe next position. On the rear end of each of said slides is a lug toengage the cam 852, the lug on the slide in the Charge columnar positionbeing designated w on the drawings, and the corresponding lug in the"Credit" columnar position being marked I. As shown in the diagrams.Figs. '7, 8, 9 and 10, the lugs w and .1: are at different heights. Whenthe hand level 950 is in the forward, "Debit" or Charge position, thepath of relative movement of the cam 852 is as shown in dot and dashlines in Fig. 7, the cam lying above the path of the lug w, travelingwith the carriage, so as not to actuate the Charge skip cam 863, butlying in the path of the lug x so as to cause skipping of the Creditcolumn past the printing point. When the hand lever 950 is in the rearor Credit" position (as in Fig. l), the path of relative movement of thecam 852 and the lugs is thatshown in Fig. 8, wherein the lug w wipespast the cam 852 to produce skipping of the Charge" column, and fails toact upon the lug x.

The means whereby the New Balance," when negative in nature, isautomatically transferred to the D totalizer instead of the A totalizerwill now be described. The control element 11|E, (Figs. 5 and 6), whichis located on the control plate in the position corresponding to the NewBalance" position, has a stop A which is normally down in position todepress the A totalizcr selector 144, but which may be raised intoineffective position. Said control element also has a stop D which isnormally in ineffective position, but which may be lowered into positionto depress thle D totalizer selector 14|. The stops A' and D are raisedand lowered by means of a cam slide B58-i' mounted on one side of thccontrol element for reciprocation longitudinally of said element, asexplained in said U. S. patent. The slide 8585' has two cam slots 86|into which extend studs 882 which are rigid with the stops A' and D. Aspring 860 normally holds the slide in its rear position. On the rearend of the slide 858y is a lug y for engagement with the cam 852. Asshown in Figs. 7 and 8, the lug y is at such a height as normally totravel above the cam 852. When, however, the cross-footer contains anegative balance, the cam 852 is automatically raised into position tobe engaged by the lug y as the carriage is moving into the New Balance"position. The means for thus raising the cam 852 kcomprises the slide338 (Figs. 1 and 5). In order that the forward movement of the slide 338shall also serve to raise the cam 852 into position to engage the lug yjust before the carriage 64| arrives in position for the printing of thenew balance, I provide a link 951 which is pivoted to the rear portionof the slide 338 and which has a pin-and-slot connection 958 with thebail 841. The springs 339 and 85|C are stronger than the spring 956.

When the lug y 'engages the cam 852, the slide 858y is pushed forwardlyto lift the stop A and lower the stop D', as shown in Fig. 5, so

that as the carriage reaches the New Balance position, the stop Ddepresses the selector 14| and thus conditions the machine to place theD totalizer in use in the ensuing cycle of operations.

As the cycle is being completed the cam 280 (Fig. 1) restores the slide338 to its normal rear position, but the stops A and D' are maintainedin their adjusted positions as long as necessary by reason of the factthat the cam 852 is maintained up in engagement with the lug y throughthe action of a latching projection y (Fig. 5) on said lug underlyingthe cam 852 until the carriage escapes to the next (the sixth) columnarposition, the pin-and-siot connection 958 permitting such relativemovement between the slide 338 and the cam 852, as will be understoodfrom Fig. 2. When in the travel of the carriage to the sixth columnarposition the lug y' leaves the cam 852, the spring 958 restores the cam852 to the r-z vD totalizer selector 14|.

position determined by the position of the lever 950.

Referring now to the operations performed in the proof column or sixthcolumnar position: If the Old Balance, when picked up the second timefor printing upon the proof tape, is a debit balance, as is usually thecase, it is automatically entered in the D totalizer. When, however, theOld Balance" is a credit amount, manual means isfoperated to eect theentering of the balance in the A totalizer, when picked up the secondtime, and printed on the proof tape.

The control element 11 IF in the sixth columnar position (i. e.1 theproof position) has a stop A2 (Figs. 2, 3 and 6) which is normally downin position to depress the A totalizer selector 144, but which may beraised into ineffective position. Said control element also has a stopD2 which is normally in ineffective position, but which may be loweredinto position to depress the D totalizer selector 14|. The stops A2 andD2 are raised and lowered by means of a cam slotted slide 85|!Z (Fig. 6)mounted on one side of the control element for reciprocationlongitudinally of said element, a spring B60 normally holding the slidein its rear position. On the rear end of the slide is a lug 2 forengagement by the cam 852 as the carriage enters the sixth columnarposition, to advance the slide 8582. The stop A2 is thereby raised intoineffective position, as shown in Fig. 2, while the stop D2 is loweredinto position to depress the Thus, if the Old Balance be a debit amount,it is automatically entered in the D totalizer in the ensuing cycle ofoperations. If, however, thev Old Balance is a credit amount, theoperator, before putting the machine through the cycle of operations,adjusts a mechanism which nullies the action of the stop D2 anddepresses the A totalizer selector 144. This mechanism will now bedescribed.

A slide 959 (Fig. 3) is mounted in the machine frame for verticalreciprocation, said slide having a vertically elongated opening 960 intowhich the free end of the A totalizer selector 144 extends. When theslide 959 is in its normal position, as shown in Fig. 2, it does notinterfere with the operation of the A totalizer selector 144 and permitssaid selector to occupy its normal inoperative position (as shown inFig. 2) or to be depressed by the stops A' and A2. When, however, theslidfe 959 is drawn down into the position shown in Fig. 3, it pulls theA totalizer selector 144 down so as to condition the machine for the useof the A totalizer, even though the stop A2 is ineiective.

A slide 96| is mounted in the framework of the machine for verticalreciprocation adjacent to the slide 959. The slide 96| carries a lug 962which underlies the D totalizer yselector 14|. When the slide 96| is inits normal position (as shown in Fig. 2), it lies at the lower limit oftravel of the D totalizer selector 14| and does not v`interfere with theoperation thereof by the stops-D and D2. But when the slide 96| is inits upper position (as shown in Fig. 3) it holds the D totalizerselector 14| in its upper ineffective position, the roller 152 (Fig. 4)on the selector 14| yielding to the pressure of the stop D2 (as shown inFig. 4).

The means for reciprocating the slides 959 and 96| comprises a lever 963pivoted in the machine frame at 964 and connected at its ends to saidslides. The slide-reciprocating means also includes a lever 965 (Fig. l)pivoted in the machine frame at 966 and connected at its rear end to theforward end of the lever 963. Fixed to the forward end of the lever 965is a key 961. A spring 961n (Fig. 1) connected to the lever 965 normallyholds the key 961 elevated and serves to restore the slides 959 and 96|to their normal positions, as shown in Fig. 2. To hold said key indepressed position and thus hold the slide 96| in its eiective upperposition against the pressure of the stop D2, and the slide 959 in itselective lower position against the normal tendency of the selector 144to rise to its home position, I provide a latch 968 (Fig. l) pivoted at969 and having a shoulder 910 adapted to engage a stud 91| on the lever965. A spring 912 normally holds the latch 968 in position to be engagedby said stud. The lower end oi the latch extends into position to beengaged by the keylatching and unlatching element 2|0 described in mysaid U. S. patent, which element is automatically moved forward at theconclusion of each cycle of operations of the machine to release any ofthe depressed special keys, and coincidently to disengage the latch 968from the stud 91|.

In operating upon other forms than those herein shown, a stop S (Figs. 6and l1) may be provided to eect subtraction in the columnar positionwherein the Old Balance" is picked up the second time. With such aset-up, when the Old Balance" is an Overdrait or Credit Balance, it isnecessary to` add the Old Balance when it is picked up the second time.Hence, I provide on the slide 96| (Fig. 3) a portion 913 adapted to holdthe subtraction selector 134 in inoperative position against the actionof a subtraction stop S, thus eiecting addition of the "Old Balance" inlieu of subtraction.

Reverting to the control element 11|() in the Credit" position:Subtraction should be effected in the cross-footer when a credit isbeing posted. but the subtraction selector 134 should not be depressedwhen the Credit column is being skipped. Hence, the subtraction stop S(Figs. 6 and 11) is arranged to be lifted into inoperative position bythe associated cam slide 858 when said slide is operated to cause columnskipping, as shown in Fig. 6.

The machine is automatically put through a cycle of operations at thefourth or spacing cycle position by a stop M (Fig. 1l) on the controlelement 11|D, which depresses the selector 148. The machine on suchcycle, operates to reset the transfer mechanism of the cross-footer,preparatory to the taking of a total from the crossfooter in the fth orNew Balance position. When in that position, the cross-footer isconditioned for the taking of a nal total through the action of a stop T(Fig. ll) on the control element 11|E on the selector 136; and themachine is automatically cycled to take such total by means of a stop M(Fig. 1l) on said control element.

It will be understood that some forms of work may not require automatictransferring of the amount in the cross-footer to one of the auxiliarytotalizers in this position of the carriage, and, under such conditions,the stops M and T would be omitted from the control element 11|E. Thecarriage would then stop in the lNew Balance" position and the nextoperation of the machine would be dependent upon depression of the motorbar.

It will further be obvious that the stop M, in the control element 11|D,may be dispensed Such alternative arrangements are within the scope ofthe present invention.

When the old balances are being entered in the A totalizer or the Dtotalizer for proof purposes, the cross-footer is prevented fromaccumulating such amounts through the operation of the selector 135,said selector being depressed by a stop N (Fig. 11) on the controlelement 11|F.

Line spacing is effected during the latter part of the cycle ofoperations performed in the sixth columnar position through thedepression of the selector 133 by a stop L (Fig. 1l).

Inasmuch as the operator may need to depress the Second Pick-up ofCredit Balance Key 961 in the sixth columnar position, no motor repeatstop M is provided in that position, the machine being cycled by manualdepression of a motor bar (not shown) or equivalent means.

Assuming that the hand lever 950 (Fig. l) is in the forward or "Charge"position, the operation of posting to va succession of ledger accountsAis as follows:

By reference to the journal sheet shown in Fig. 11, it will be notedthat in posting to the first ledger sheet, an old debit balance of100.00 was picked up" or entered on the ledger sheet, the amount beingadded into the cross-footer |35 (Fig. 1). The carriage thenautomatically tabulated to the next or Charge column, the

lug w passing idly beneath the reversing cam 852. A charge of 10.00 wasposted and added simultaneously in the cross-footer |35 and the Ctotalizer, whereupon the carriage automatically tabulates to thesucceeding or Credit col- 5 umn. As the carriage entered the zone of theCredit column, the lug struck the cam 852 and caused the carriage toskip past the Credit column and was arrested in the fourth position.After the machine had automatically gone through a blank cycle ofoperations at the fourth position to reset any tripped carryingmechanisms, the carriage escaped to the New Balance columnar position,where the New Balance of "110.00 was printed as a flnal total from thecross-footer and automatically transferred to the A totalizer, in themanner fully explained in the before-mentioned U. S. patent, at the endof which operation the cross-footer stands at zero. The carriage thenautomatically continued its advance in column spacing direction to bringthe proof tape F to printing position, whereupon the operator picked upthe "Old Balance of 100.00 the secondtime, by manually depressing theproper numeral keys` and cycled the machine to add the amount in the Dtotalizer and print it on the tape. The stop N (Fig. 1l) in the controlelement 11|F operated the selector 135 to thereby set mechanism whichprevented the amount from being accumulated in the cross-footer. Thestop L fFig. 11) controlling the selector 133 effected line spacing. sothat the journal sheet and the proof tape are ready for another posting.The ledger sheet not shown) was then removed and another placed in themachine.

In posting to the second ledger account, an old debit balance of 120.00was picked up by depression of the proper numeral keys` and added into"the cross-footer. There being a 20.00" credit item to postthe operatorshifted the lever 950 to the rear or Credit" position. thereby loweringthe cani 852 into the path of the lug w, thus causing the charge columnto be skipped as heretofore explained. The credit of 20.00

n... il)

was then posted and simultaneously subtracted on the cross-footer andadded in the B totalizer. After a blank cycle in the fourth position,the new balance of 100.00 was printed in the New v Balance column as afinal total from the crossfooter f clearing the cross-footer) andautomatically transferred to the A totalizer. On the proof tape, theoperator again picked up the Old Balance of 120.00, which was added inthe D totalizer,

In posting to the third ledger account, an old debit balance of 25.00was added into the cross-footer, after which a credit of 30.00" wassimultaneously subtracted on the cross-footer and added into the Btotalizer. The new balance of 5.00 (which is a negative or credit'total)was printed asa final total from the cross-footer, clearing the latter,and automatically added to the D totalizer, instead of to the Atotalizer, through the operation of the slide 338 (Figs. 1 and 5), link951, bail 841, slide 85|, cam 852, cam slide 858)', stop D', andselector 14|. On the proof tape, the operator picked up the old balanceof 25.00 and added it in the D totalizer.

The operations performed in posting to the fourth ledger account weresimilar to those in connection with the first account.

In posting to the fifth ledger account, an old credit balance of 20.00was picked up and entered subtractively into the cross-footer |35, theSubtraction key (not shown) being operated prior to the depression ofthe motor bar. A charge of 30.00 was then simultaneously added in thecross-'footer and the C totalizer. The carriage then skipped to theblank cycle position, and then escaped to the New Balance columnarposition, where the machine was automatically cycled to print the newbaiance of 10.00 as a final total from the cross-footer, the amountbeing automatically added to the A totalizer, The carriage then escapedto the proof tape position. In arriving at that position, the lug zengaged the cam 852 and the D totalizer selector 14| was depressed, asin the case of the preceding four instances; but since the Old Balancewas a credit amount, the operator, after setting up the amount in thekeyboard, depressed the Second pick-up of credit balance key 961, thusadjusting the slides 959 and 96| into the positions shown in Fig. 3. Theresult of such adjustment was to pull down the A totalizer selector 144into operative position and to push the D totalizer selector 14| up intoineffective position, the roller 152 (Fig. 4) yielding with relation tosaid selector, as shown in Fig. 4. The operator then depressed the motorbar, thus causing the machine to cycle to print the old credit balanceof 20.00 on the proof tape and enter the amount additively in the Atotalizer. Upon the conclusion of the cycle, the element 2|0 (Fig. 1)unlatched the key 961, whereupon the spring 961a restored the key andthe slides 959 and 96| to their normal positions.

After completing the series of postings, the operator clears out therear registers and proves the accuracy of the work in the followingmanner, reference being had to Fig. 12. The carriage is normalized inthe proof" columnar position.

The operator selects the D totalizer by operating theD-totalizer-selecting key (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1). asexplained in said U. S. patent, and depressing the motor bar, thusputting the machine through a blank cycle of operations, as is requiredbefore the taking of a total. In such cycle of operations the Dtotalizer symbol 915 is printed.

The operator then depresses the Rear register final total key t shownalso in dotted lines in Fig. 1) and the motor bar, thus cycling themachine to print the total accumulated in the D totalizer, to wit,450.00", and the rear register iinal total symbol 916. This totalconsists of the old debit balances and the new credit balance of 5.00that occurred in the third posting. When clearing this total out of theD totalizer it was automatically transferred additively to the clearedcross-footer |55.

The operator then depresses the C-totalizer selecting key i shown indotted lines in Fig. l) and the motor bar, thereby putting the machinethrough a blank cycle, the C totalizer symbol 9T.' being printed.

The operator then depresses the Rear register final total key and themotor bar, thus cycling the machine to print the total accumulated inthe C totalizer, namely, 60.00, and the rear register iinal total symbol916. This total consists of the charges, and since this agrees with thepre-ascertained total of the items to be charged, the accuracy of theposting of the charges is proved. In clearing this total from the Ctotaliaer, it was automatically transferred additively to thecross-footer |35 and accumulated with the total of the Old debit andCredit balances previously transferred to the cross-footer, asheretofore explained.

. The operator then operates the B-totalizer selecting key (shown indotted lines in Fig. 1) and the motor bar, thus putting the machinethrough a blank cycle, thc B totalizer symbol 918 being printed.

The operator thon operates the Subtraction key and the Rear register naltotal key, and depresses the motor bar, thereby cycling the machine toprint the total of the credits accumulated in the B totalizer, i. e.,50.00, and the rear register final total symbol 916, the total beingautomatically subtracted from the total of Old debit and Credit balancesand the total of Charges accumulated in the cross-footer and amounting,in the example selected to 510.00. Since the total of 50.00 agrees withthe total of the credits as determined prior to the posting operations,the accuracy of the posting of credits is proved.

The operator then puts the machine through a blank cycle, preparatory totaking a final total from the cross-footer.

After operating the Cross-footer final total key (shown in dotted linesin Fig. 1), the operator depresses the motor bar, thereby cycling themachine to print the amount 460.00 contained in the cross-footer and theCross-footer nal total symbol 919.

The operator then operates the A-totalizer selecting key (shown indotted lines in Fig. 1) and the motor bar, thus initiating a blank cycleof operations.- the A-totalizer symbol 980 being printed.

The operator then depresses the Rear register final total key and themotor bar, thereby cycling 'the machine to print the total 460.00contained in the A totalizer and the CF Non-addition symbol To preventthe total cleared from the A totalizer from being transferred to thecross- ;footer, the operator depressed the`Cross-footer non-addition key(shown in dotted lines in Fig. l), which accounts for the printing ofthe nonarl/dition symbol 98|.

The amount 460.00" printed as a final total from the A totalizer is thetotal of all debit new balances, plusv the old credit balance of "20.00that occurred" in the fifth posting. Since this amount is the same asthe total taken from the cross-footer, the fact that the operatorcorrectly picked up the Old Balances" is proved, as will be understoodfrom the following explanation:

The old debit balances minus any old credit balances plus charges minuscredits equals the new debit balances minus any new credit balances. Thecharges and credits are accumulated in the C and B totalizers,respectively, for subsequent transfer to the cross-footer. The old debitbalances are accumulated in the D totalizer for subsequent transfer tothe cross-footer. The old credit balances cannot be accumulated in the Cand B totalizers. Nor can the old credit balances be accumulated in theD totalizer, since that totalizer cannot be used for both addition andsubtraction. The new debit balances are accumulated in the A totalizer,but the new credit bal.

ances cannot be accumulated in that totalizer, since it is not adaptedfor both addition and subtraction. Hence, I have devised theconstruction herein disclosed whereby, in the operation of the machine,the old credit balances and the new credit balances are transferred toopposite sides of the equation and their signs changed. In the presentembodiment of the invention, this is accomplished by providing mechanismwhich automatically determines whether new balances shall be accumulatedin the A totalizer or the D totalizer, and manually controlled means fordetermining whether old balances, when picked up the second time, shallbe accumulated in the A totalizer or the D totalizer.

It will be evident that the construction herein shown is well adapted toattain the desired results, but it should be understood that theinvention is susceptible of embodiment in numerous other forms.

In the set-up illustrated in Fig. 11, there is suicient space betweenthe control elements to allow the cam 852 to rise and fall as thecarriage tabulates. In other possible set-ups such space may not beavailable, and in some instances the cam may rise while a controlelement is passing. The spring |c (Fig. 2) provides a yieldableconnection which allows the cam to rise after the control element haspassed. This yieldable connection also prevents damage in the event thatthe operator manipulates the lever 950 while the carriage is in motion.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, the invention isutilized to effect the printing of credit balances or overdrafts in aspecial co1- umn, in order to render them more conspicuous.

THX is a control element having a tabulating escapement stop 615 and amotor repeat stop M to put the machine through a blank cycle preparatoryto the printing of a total.

THY is a control element which operates the machine to print a debitbalance, and 'HIZ is a control element that effects printing of a creditbalance.

The control element 'HIY is equipped with an escapement stop 615, amotor repeat stop M, and stops A3 and T to effect the automatic transferof a final total from the cross-footer |35 to the A totalizer. The slide858m has a lug m which footer. is a debit f bination,

amount, the slide 858'm is not actuated, and the carriage is arrestedand the debit total printed and transferred to the A totalizer during asingle operation.

The control element IIIZ has an escapement stop 615, a motor repeat stopM, and stops D3 and T` o cause the automatic transfer of a final totalfrom the cross-footer to the D totalizer.

If the nal total in the cross-footer be a debit amount, the cam 852engages the projection n and operates the slide 858n to advance the skipcam foot 863 to effective position, and to raise both the stops D3 and Minto inoperative position, thus allowing the carriage to escape to thenext position.

If, however, when the nal total in the crossfooter is a credit balance,the cam 852 engages the lug m of the control element HIY and actuatesthe slide 858m to advance the skip cam foot 86! and render the stops A3and M inoperative, thereby permitting the carriage to skip from theblank-cycle position to the overdraft column. The extension shoulder mof the lug m retains the cam 852 in its elevated position from the timeit is raised in the blank cycle of operations untir the lug An on thecontrol element 1'IIZ has arrived under thecam, whereupon the cam dropsupon the lug n without affecting the slide 858.

Upon arrival of the carriage in the overdraft columnar position, themachine is automatically cycled to print thecredit balance and transferit to the D totalizer.

A specimen of the work is shown in the lower portion of Fig. 13, E beingthe journal sheet having a debit balance of 100.00 and an overdraft of5.00" printed thereon.'

It will be seen that the construction represented Ain Figs. 13, 14 and15 provides forselective use of a plurality of totalizers and selectiveprinting in aplurality of columns.

I believe that I am the irst to produce a. plural-counter machine havingmeans for automatically selecting the totalizer or totalizers to be usedin a given columnar position, so that one totalizer may be used in thatposition at one time, and another totalizer at another time.

I claim as my invention:

1. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross tabulatingcarriage, three totalizers, one of "which is adapted for addition andsubtraction, and means operating under control of said carriage andsensitive to the character of the total in the last-mentioned totalizerfor automatically selecting one-of the other totalizers for operation.

2. A bookkeeping machine having, in coma cross-tabulating carriage,three totalizers, one of which isadapted for addition and subtraction,and means sensitive to the character of the total in the last-mentionedtotalizer and cooperating with the carriage for automatically selectingone of the other totalizers.

3. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingcarriage, three totalizers, one of which is adapted for addition andsubtractionfthe other two being arranged to be selected under control ofthe carriage, and means sensitive to the character of the total in theaddition and subtraction totalizer for automatically determining whichone of said two totalizers shall be selected under control of saidcarriage.

4. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, stops on said carriage for aCharge columnar position, a Credit 'columnar position and a New balancecolumnar position, means including a cam for adjusting the Charge andCredit stops in accordance with the character of the posting to beperformed automatically, means for selecting a certain totalizer foroperation in the New balance columnar position, and means which includessaid cam and which is sensitive to the character of the new balance asstored in said certain totalizer, for automatically determining which ofthe other totalirs shall also be selected under control of saidcarriagefor participation in the operation.

5. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, stops on said carriage for aCharge columnar position, a Credit columnar position and a New balancecolumnar position, manual means including a cam for adjusting the Chargeand Credit stops in accordance with the character of the posting to beperformed, means for automatiaclly selecting a 'certain totalizer foroperation in the New balance columnar position, and means under thecontrol of said certain totalizer and including said cam, forautomatically determining which of the other totalizers shall also beselected under control of said carriage for participation in theoperation.

6. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingpaper carriage provided with stops, a cam for adjusting the stops, apivoted member arranged to place the cam in various positions, atotalizer, means sensitive to the positive or negative character of thetotal in the totalizer and connected to-saidmember for positioning thecam, and manually operable means also connected to said member forposi-` tioning the cam. l

7. A bookkeeping machine having,in combination, two totalizer selectors,a cross-tabu'- lating paper carriage having two stops associated withsaid selectors, one of said stops be-v ing normally eiective and theother normally ineective, and manually operable means for renderingineffective the normally effective stop and for operating the selectorassociated with the other stop.

8. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, two totalizerselectors, a cross-tabulati paper carriage having two'stops associa dwith said selectors, one of said stops being normally ineffective, twoslides adapted 'to engage the two selectors, respectively, to reversethe eiect of the corresponding carriage stops, means connecting saidslides for reciprocation in opposite directions, and a key andconnections for reciprocating the slides.

9. A bookkeeping machine having, in com-vl bination, two selectors forcontrolling functions of the machine, a cross-tabulating paper carriagehaving stops to operate said selectors, two members adapted to engagethe two selectors, respectively, to reverse the effect of thecorresponding carriage stops, and means for reciprocating said membersin opposite directions.

10. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, two selectors forcontrolling functions of the machine, a cross-tabulating paper carriagehaving stops to operate said selectors, two

slides adapted to engage the two selectors, rev spectively, to reversethe effect of the corresponding carriage stops, means connecting saidslides for reciprocation in opposite directions, and a key andconnections for reciprocating the slides.

11. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingpaper carriage provided with stops, an element for adjusting the stops,manually operable means for moving said element to .one position, atotalizer, and means sensitive -to the positive or negative character ofthe total in the totalizer for moving said element to a differentposition.

12. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a laterally shiftablecarriage, a totalizer adapted for addition and subtraction, twoadditional totalizers, means controlled in the lateral movement of saidcarriage to completely effect selection of one of said additionaltotalizers in a predetermined position of the carriage, and meanssensitive to the character of the total in said addition and subtractiontotalizer to cause said carriage to select the second of said additionaltotalizers in said predetermined position.

13. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingcarriage, three totalizers one of which is adapted for addition andsubtraction, means under control of said carriage for normally selectingone of two of said totalizers for transfer total operations, and meanscontrolled by said addition subtraction totalizer for automaticallypreventing carriage selection of said one totalizer and effectingcarriage selec- 4,tion of the other of said two totalizers.

14. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross tabulating carriage, movable stops on the carriage,totalizer selecting means for operation by said stops, and means underthe control of one of the totalizers for automatically moving one ofsaid stops to ineffective position.

15. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross tabulating carriage, movable stops on the carriage,totalizer selecting means for operation by said stops, and means underthe control of one of the totalizers for simultaneously andautomatically moving one stop to ineffective position and a second stopto effective position.

16. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, independent totalizer selectingmeans for operation by said carriage to individually condition certainof said totalizers for operation, and means under the control of one ofthe totalizers for automatically controlling the action of the carriage,to disable carriage control of one totalizer and enable carriage controlof a second totalizer.

17. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a plurality oftotalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, stops on said carriage for theCharge columnar position, a Credit columnar position and a New Balancecolumnar position, means for adjusting the Charge and Credit stops inaccordance with the character of the posting to be performed, meansunder the control of the paper carriage for selecting certain totalizersfor a transfer total operation in the New Balance columnar position, andmeans sensitive to the character of the amount in one of said totalizersfor automatically determining which totalizer shall be selected for thetransfer total operation under control of said carriage, saidlast-mentioned means being effective independently of the state of themeans for adjusting the Charge and Credit stops.

18. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a laterally shiftablecarriage arranged for step-by-step movement to effect columnar spacingas an incident to each operation of the machine, a plurality oftotalizers, column skipping means, and totalizer selecting means, saidtwo last-mentioned means including a cam arranged for automaticoperation under control of one of said totalizers.

19. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a totalizer, aplurality of other totalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, totalizerselecting means associated with said other totalizers and adapted foroperation by the carriage, and means under the control of said totalizerfor automatically controlling the action of the carriage on thetotalizer selecting means associated wit-h the said other totalizers.

20. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a totalizer, aplurality of other totalizers, a cross-tabulating carriage, two stops onsaid carriage, one of which is normally effective and the other normallyineffective, totalizer selecting means associated with said othertotalizers and arranged for operation by said stops, and means under thecontrol of said totalizer for automatically disabling the normallyeective stop and for enabling the normally ineffective stop.

21. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, a plurality of other totalizers, means for entering amountsin said adding and subtracting totalizer, means for controlling thetaking of positive totals therefrom, means for controlling the taking oftrue negative totals therefrom, means for entering these totals in thesaid other totalizers, means controlled by the add-subtract totalizeraccording to positive or negative character of the totals therein fordetermining the totalizer into which the totals are to be entered, andmeans for causing the operations of amount entering, total taking andtotal entering to be performed in continuous machine operations.

22. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, a plurality of other totalizers, means for entering amountsin said adding and subtracting totalizer, means for controlling thetaking of positive totals therefrom, means for controlling the taking oftrue negative totals therefrom, means for entering these totals in thesaid other totalizers, means controlled by the positive or negativecharacter of the totals for determining the totalizer into which thetotal is to be entered, a paper carriage movable to a plurality oftabular positions, and means controlled by the carriage in certain ofits positions for causing the operations of total taking and totalentering to be performed automatically and in continuous machineoperations at the conclusion of an amount entering operation.

23. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, a plurality of other totalizers, totalizer actuators,mechanism to engage the totalizers with the actuators, means forentering amounts in said adding and subtracting totalizer, means forcontrolling the taking of positive totals therefrom, means forcontrolling the taking of true negative totals therefrom, means forentering these totals in the said other totalizers, means controlled bythe positive or negative character of the totals for determining thetotalizer into which the total is to be entered, a paper carriagemovable to a plurality of tabular positions, and means actuated by thecarriage for connecting the determined totalizer with the totalizerengaging mechanism.

24. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, a plurality of other totalizers, totalizer actuators,mechanism to engage the totalizers with the actuators, means forentering amounts in said adding and subtracting totalizer, means forcontrolling the taking of positive totals therefrom, means forcontrolling the taking of true negative totals therefrom, means forentering these totals in the said other totalizers, means controlled bythe positive or negative character of the totals for determining thetotalizer into which the total is to be entered, a paper carriagemovable to a plurality of tabular positions, means actuated by thecarriage for connecting the determined totalizer with the totalizerengaging mechanism, and means controlled by the carriage in certain ofits positions for causing the operations of total taking and totalentering to be performed automatically and in continuous machineoperations at the conclusion of an amount entering operation.

25. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingcarriage, two totalizers, actuators therefor, means under the control ofthe paper carriage for connecting one of said totajizers with itsactuators for transfer total operations, and means under the control ofthe other totalizer for automatically determining whether the firsttotalizer shall be connected, under control of said carriage, to havethe total transferred thereto.

26. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a. cross-tabulatingcarriage, three totalizers. actuators therefor, means under the controlof the paper carriage for connecting certain of said totalizers withtheir actuators for` transfer total operations, and means under thecontrol of one of the totalizers for automatically determining which ofthe other totalizers shall be connected. under control of said carriage,to have the total transferred thereto.

,27. A bookkeeping machine having, in combination, a cross-tabulatingcarriage, three totalizers, one of which is adapted for addition andsubtraction, actuators for the totalizers, means under the control ofthe paper carriage for connecting certain of said totalizers with theiractuators for transfer total operations, and means sensitive to thecharacter cf the total in the addition and subtraction totalizer forautomatically determining which of the other totalizers shall beconnected, under control of said carriage, to have the tot-altransferred thereto.

28. In a bookkeeping machine, a. traveling carriage, a functioncontrolling clement thereon, an operating means for the element movableinto the path of the element and effective to alter the position of theelement as the carriage enters a certain tabular position, and means onthe element to retain the operating means in effective position.

29. In a bookkeeping machine. a traveling carriage, a functioncontrolling element thereon, an operating camv for the element movableinto the path of the element and e'ective to alter the position of theelement as the carriage enters a certain tabular position, and ashoulder on the element to retain the operating cam in eective position.

30. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, means, includingdifferential mechanism for entering positive and negative amountsthereon, means for turning the totalizer wheels to zero in one directionwhen the total thereon is positive and in a different direction when thetotal thereon is negative, means, controlled by the totalizer accordingto the positive or negative character of the total thereon, fordetermining which direction said turning means will turn the totalizerwheels to take a true algebraic total therefrom, means, including thesaid turning means and the determining means, for controlling the takingof a positive or true negative total during a machine cycle immediatelysucceeding operation of said determiningmeas, and control means wherebyan amount may be entered and 'a' positive or negative total, ascontrolled by said determining means, may be taken during continnousoperation of the ma "hine,

3l. In a machine of the class described, a traveling paper carriage,three totalizers, means on the carriage to select one or the other oftwo of the totalizers, and means under the control of the thirdtotalizer to control the operation of the means on the carriage.

32. In a machine of the class described, a traveling paper carriage,three totalizers, and means, controlled by the carriage in its, traveland by one of the said totalizers in accordance with the algebraic statethereof, to select one or the other of the two remaining totalizers.

33. In a bookkeeping machine, a traveling paper carriage, a totalizeradapted for addition and subtraction, lanother totalizer, meanscontrolled by the carriagefor selecting said other totalizer, means forentering amounts in said adding and subtracting totalizer, means forcontrolling the taking of totals therefrom. means for entering thesetotals in the saidl other totalizer, and means, controlled by theadd-subtract totalizer according to the positiv'e'or negative characterof the total therein, for determining whether the said other totalizershall be selected by the said means controlled by the carriage, to havethe total entered therein.

34. In a bookkeeping machine, a traveling paper carriage, a totalizeradapted for addition and subtraction, two other totalizers, meanscontrolled by the carriage for selecting one or the other of said othertotalizers, means for entering amounts in said adding and subtractingtotalizer, means for controlling the taking of totals therefrom, meansfor entering these totals in the said other totalizers, and means,controlled by the add-subtract totalizer according to the positive ornegative character of the total therein, for determining which of saidother totalizers shall be selected `by the said means controlled by thecarriage, to have the total entered therein.

35. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, two other totalizers, means for entering amounts in saidadding and subtracting totalizer, means for controlling the taking of apositive or a true negative total therefrom, means, controlled by theaddsubtract totalizer according to the Ipositive or negative characterof the total therein, for selecting one of the said twototalizers, andmeans for entering the total in the 'selected totalizer during the rstmachine cycle following operation of the selecting means.

36. In a bookkeeping machine, a totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, a plurality of other totalizers, means for entering anamount in said adding and subtracting totalizer, means for controllingthe taking of a positive total therefrom, means for controlling thetaking of a true negative total therefrom, means for entering thepositive or negative total in the said other totalizer, means.controlled by the add-subtract totalizer according to the positive ornegative character of the total therein, for determining the totalizerinto which the total is to be entered, and means for causing theoperations of amount entering. total taking and total entering to beperformed in three continuous machine operations.

37. In a. bookkeeping machine, a traveling paper` carriage having a newbalance columnar position, a. totalizer adapted for addition andsubtraction, two other totallzers, means controlled by the carriage,when in the new balance columnar position, for selecting one or theother of said other totalizers, means for entering amounts in saidadding and subtracting totalizer, means for controlling the taking of'totals therefrom, means for entering these totals in the said othertotalizers, and means, controlled by the add-subtract totalizeraccording to the positive or negative character of the total therein,for determining which one of said other totalizers shall be selected bythe said means controlled by the carriage, when it is in the new balancecolumnar position, to have the total entered therein.

' OSCAR J SUNDSTRAND.

